Econometric analysis of the causes of forest land use changes in Hainan, China
نویسندگان
چکیده
This paper addresses the effects of economic, demographic, and institutional factors on land allocation between forestry and other uses. A panel data set from Hainan Island in China and a generalized least squares estimation method, allowing individual effects for counties, are applied. The results indicate that higher timber prices have led to an acceleration in rain forest exploitation, but encouraged investment in plantation forests. Population growth is the driving force behind the loss of natural forests, but it is positively related to plantation forests. Decollectivization seems to have promoted plantation forests, but has not saved the rain forest. A higher share of forestry land owned by stateowned enterprises also fosters afforestation on wasteland, but seems to lead to faster exploitation of natural forest, at least initially. The uncertainty that existed in the early period of economic reform quickened the pace of resource extraction and deterred investment. Résumé : Cet article traite des effets des facteurs économiques, démographiques et institutionnels sur l’allocation territoriale pour la foresterie et d’autres usages. On a utilisé un ensemble de données d’un panel sur l’Île de Hainan en Chine et une méthode d’estimation généralisée basée sur les moindres carrés, qui permet de tenir compte des effets individuels des comtés. Les résultats indiquent qu’une hausse des prix du bois a entraîné une accélération de l’exploitation dans la forêt humide, tout en encourageant les investissements pour la plantation d’arbres. La perte de forêts naturelles est principalement attribuable à l’accroissement de la population, qui est aussi relié positivement à la plantation d’arbres. Le fait de rescinder la collectivisation semble avoir favorisé la plantation d’arbres, sans toutefois avoir permis d’épargner la forêt humide. Le fait qu’une plus grande part du territoire forestier soit détenu par des entreprises d’État favorise aussi le reboisement sur les terres abandonnées mais cela semble engendrer une exploitation plus rapide de la forêt naturelle, du moins initialement. L’incertitude qui existait dans la période initiale de la réforme économique a provoqué l’accélération du rythme d’extraction de la ressource et découragé les investissements. [Traduit par la Rédaction] Zhang et al. 1921
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